Rahasia Angka 5

Angka 5 keistimewaan jika digunakan dalam operasi matematika. semua bilangan yang bersatuan 5 jika dikuadratkan bisa dihitung dengan mudah dan cepat.

5 x 5 = 25
15 x 15 = 225 1 x 2 = 2
25 x 25 = 625 2 x 3 = 6
35 x 35 = 1225 3 x 4 = 12
205 x 205 = 42025 20 x 21 = 420
dan seterusnya

Setiap bilangan yang bersatuan lima, jika dikuadratkan akan mempunyai nilai puluhan dan satuan 25. Misalnya kuadrat dari 35, bilangan sebelum lima adalah 3. Apabila 3 dikalikan dengan angka setelahnya yaitu 4, maka hasilnya adalah 12. Dengan menggabungkan 12 dan 25 maka nilai kuadrat dari 35 adalah 1225.

dUTIES

MY STORY, hope you will enjoy it

dUTIES

A long time ago, there lived a girl. She lived in a small village. Everyone was friendly to her because her kindness. She liked helping others. This girl helped her parents in their fruit stall everyday. They sold many kinds of fruits. This girl had many friends in the market; one of them was the butcher. The time when the butcher could not read a letter this girl taught him until he could read. They usually helped each other, when he saw the girl carrying a big box full of fruit, he helped her.
One day, the king would have a journey to other country and he would pass the village. There was a duty for the villagers. They have to serve the king. The king would spend the night in the village. Few days before when the king arrived in the village, all villagers were busy. The girl had a duty to find the best fruits to be served for the king, while the butcher had to cook meal for the king. The girl went to the garden to find the best fruit; even she had to go into the deep of forest to find some kind of fruits that the king ordered.

Three days before the king came to the village, when the girl just arrived from the forest the butcher came to her house. He wanted the girl to help him. He asks her to help him. She agreed to help him. She went to his house, when she arrived there are some materials that were ready to be cooked. Besides her, there was also the florist, she was cooking the meat.
The girl helped him, she cooked some material. They were cooking until morning. In the morning the girl tells the butcher that she had to go home, she would go to the forest because she would pick some rare fruit. The butcher wanted the girl to stay to help him but she insists that she had to go home. This time the butcher let her go.

In the forest, the girl tried to find some rare fruits. This fruits only grew in the forest in her village, no wonder the king order for this fruits. But it's really difficult to find the fruits. She went to the forest with her dog. The dog was loyal to her. Her parents said that one of the fruits always grew near a cave while the other is usually grow near the air fall or near the river.
She walks deep to the forest, but she can't find it. She meets a man, then she ask him about the fruits, and the man said that she can find one of it in the forest, but the cave is up in the hill. She has to walk for another mile. While the other one grew in other forest. That forest located in the south of the village. And it was far from the village.
Knowing that she would find the fruits, she's so happy. She walked happily although she had to walk for miles. There’s she arrived in the hill. The man said that the cave was near a big rock and a very huge tree, even the sunshine could not penetrate trough it. She saw the big rock and the huge tree. It was dark under the tree. She walked faster.
“Here we are, yes this kind of fruits that I have to find.” She saw the fruits, smiling was in her face. “Let’s go, boy” she purred her dog, then run to the fruits. She opened her basket and picked them. Then her basket is full of the fruits.

She felt so tired, she didn’t sleep last night, she wanted to take a rest, but there's no time to take a rest. She had to go home, because it's getting dark. And she knew, her parents would be very anxious if she didn’t come home.

She arrived at the village at night. With a big smile, she showed her parents that she had found one of the fruits. She took some empty baskets, and decorated them. She would use them for the fruits. The parents told her that the butcher came to their house to look for her; he wanted her to come to his house, because he didn't know some receipt for the meals.
Her parents gave her advice to take a rest, and not to go to the butcher house. Late in the night, the butcher came to her house, he insisted her to come to his house.
She didn’t even finish decorating the basket, but she went to his house. The butcher wanted her to cook the meal, and the girl could not refuse when the butcher asked her to cook the meat. She knew that the butcher was a kind of person that would be angry easily when everything he wanted wasn't fulfilled. She cooked for him until dawn then she went home.
Two days before the king arrived; when she would go to the forest she felt so sleepy. Her eyes could not be opened. She sat in her chair, combing her long hair, in her room. She fell asleep.
It was at noon, when she woke up. She felt upset, “how can I fall asleep”. But she decided to go to the forest to find the other fruit. When she would go to the forest, the butcher came to her house.
This time he wanted the girl to help him, because he had to be in the market selling some meat. The girl felt upset for the butcher, why he didn't always do his duty, instead of forcing somebody else to do it.
Every body in the village had his own duty. She told him that this time she could not help him; she gave him advice not to go to the market, because he had to cook for the meal. The butcher fells disappointed, he said that why the girl didn't want to help him. Being angry because she felt asleep, the girl told him that because she didn't take a rest at night she fell asleep in the morning and she could not go to the forest.
” But I have some duties, I have to go to the forest, pick the fruits.”
“You can ask other to go to the forest,” argued the butcher.
“It’s different; they could not select the best fruit. And I prefer do it by my self if I can do it, because it’s my duty. I don’t want to rely on others.” The girl said
“But I need your help, my duties are important, and I also have to go to the market to sell some meat. If I cannot sell the meat I will not get big income, you can ask other and I will pay for it.”
The girl smile when she heard it, she answered, “It’s not just money. I know my stall doesn’t earn a lot of money, but life is not just money.
All the villagers’ duties are important, it’s not just yours. You have to respect other even they aren’t the rich one.”

The butcher was angry, “I helped you a lot,” he said that he helped her when she carried some big boxes, and he accompanied her on her way home, “But this is what you do when I need your help. It just…..”

“It's true that you helped me when I carried big boxes, but I never asked you, or even when you accompanied me on my way home, aren’t our houses close each other. And all you always say is it just……yes it’s just picking some fruits. So you think picking some fruits is not important..” This time the girl didn't care with him. She didn't care if he was angry, but she promised him that she would help him after she found the fruit.
The butcher was still angry when he left her house. She felt little upset, why he mentioned all his helps, so he didn't do it willingly. Didn’t friends always help each other? She remembered that the butcher always helped her when he needed her to read some letters or write some letters for him, or even to teach him how to read and write. She remembered that she was close with the florist, one day the florist needed her help. When she would help the florist, the butcher told her
not to help others if she had to do duties, but after he told her about it, he insisted her to help him in his stall. That’s him.....
The girl went to the forest at noon. She knew that she would spend the night in the forest. So she brought some meal for the supper. Her dog is with her, since there were some beasts in the south forest.
The south forest, where the fruits grew there, there were river and waterfall. She had to walk through the river bank to reach the waterfall. And she would find the fruits.
It is afternoon when she arrived in the river, and then she had to follow the river bank to reach the waterfall. She walked eagerly although she knew that it would be evening when she reached near the waterfall. She was right, by the time the sun had set, she arrived near the waterfall. She could find the fruit easily. There were a lot of the fruits. She decided to take a rest on the ground near the waterfall.
She open his basket and takes some bread, and then she gives her dog some.’ here, eat this boy, this is your supper.' She purred the dog.
“Thanks, for accompany me,”
Late at night, she remembered the butcher; basically she didn't want to argue with him, or even to make him angry. But he had to respect to others' duty. He could not always rely on others for his duty. Even he had a lot of duties; he had to understand that others also had important duties.
In the morning, she picked the fruits happily. And the she went home. At noon she reached the village. Her parents welcomed her happily, since they were very anxious. There were a lot of beasts at night.

After she arrived, she decorated the baskets for the fruits and then she put it there.
The next morning, she helped her mother cooking some cakes from the fruits, just like the king order. The king would arrive this afternoon. By the noon the cake was ready to be served.
After helping her mother, she went to the butcher house. On the way to his house she met the florist; she said that the meal wasn't ready. She went to the butcher, when she arrived there the butcher was in front of his house. Then he told her that the meal was not ready. And he also
apologized to her for his anger. She forgave him, and she told him, that she had promised him to help him. Then they cooked the meal. The time the king had dinner the meal was ready to be served.
Finally the butcher realized that every one has duty, and that’s important. Although it was little duty, or event a simple job that would not earn a lot of money.

Observatorium

Observatorium adalah bangunan tempat para ahli astronomi mengadakan penelitian terhadap perilaku benda-benda angkasa seperti matahari, bulan, bintang, dan planet. Bangunan tersebut bentuk atasnya seperti kubah. Dibawah kubah terdapat lensa yang digunakan untuk meneropong benda di angkasa yang akan diteliti. Salah satu observatorium yang memiliki lensa besar terdapat pada observatorium Palomar San Diego. Terdapat dua jenis observatorium, observatorium yang menggunakan lensa dan observatorium yang menggunakan radio

Sejarah Observatorium
Observatorium yang paling sederhana adalah STONEHENGE, sebuah bangunan yang digunakan oleh penduduk Inggris, pada tahun 1800 SM, untuk mengamati benda di angkasa.
Kemudian pada tahun 300 M, bangsa Maya(suku Indian Amerika Tengah) telah membuat kalender yang akurat, berdasarkan pengamatan benda-benda angkasa.
Tahun 1675 di Inggris dibangun observatorium yang menggunakan teleskoop, tepatnya di Greenwich. Observatorium ini dikenal dengan Observatorium Greenwich. Dari observatorium ini diamati kedudukan benda-benda di langit yang bermanfaat bagi pelaut.

Bintik Hitam Permukaan Matahari

Permukaan matahari terdiri atas gas yang mempunyai temperatur yang sangat tinggi. Kadang-kadang di permukaan matahari terdapat lintasan kekuatan magnetis. Lintasan tersebut membuat panas matahari menjadi berkurang, yang mengakibatkan cahaya matahari menjadi suram. Kesuraman ini mengakibatkan daerah disana menjadi seperti noda atau bintik hitam.

Tumbuhan Autotrop dan Tumbuhan Heterotrop

Kali ini kita akan belajar tentang tumbuhan autotrop dan heterotrop. Hal mendasar yang membedakan kedua jenis tumbuhan ini adalah kemampuan mensintesa makanan. Tumbuhan autotrop dapat mensintesa makanan dengan sendirinya sedangkan tumbuhan heterotrop tidak mampu mensintesa makanan dari senyawa organik.


Tumbuhan-tumbuhan autotrop bisa dikelompokkan menjadi dua jenis, fotoautotrop dan kemoautotrop.Tumbuhan fotoautotrop mengubah energi cahaya menjadi energi kimia, yang dilakukan dengan cara fotosintesis.Tumbuhan yang termasuk dalam kelompok fotoautotrop antara lain bakteri ungu, alga hijau, alga biru, alga coklat, alga merah, dan tumbuhan tingkat tinggi. sedangkan tumbuhan kemoautotrop mendapatkan energi dari oksidassi berbagai senyawa organik.


Tumbuhan heterotrop bisa dikelompokkan menjadi tumbuhan saprofit dan parasit. Saprofit memperoleh makanan dengan cara mengambil zat-zat organik dari sisa-sisa organisme lain yang telah membusuk. Tumbuhan yang masuk dalam kelompok saprofit misalnya bakteri, jamur, dan anggrek yang tidak berklorofil. Jenis yang kedua, parasit mengambil zat organik dari tumbuhan yang ditumpanginya untuk mendapatkan energi. Parasit sendiri bisa dikelompokkan menjadi dua yaitu parasit fakultatif dan parasit obligat.

Tumbuhan parasit fakultatif merupakan tumbuhan yang kadang-kadang menjadi tumbuhan parasit atau kadang-kadang menjadi tumbuhan saprofit. Contoh dari tumbuhan parasit fakultatif adalah tumbuhan tingkat rendah Phytophora Parasitica.
Pada tumbuhan parasit obligat tumbuhan selalu parasit.Tumbuhan parasit obligat dikelompokkan menjadi tiga yaitu

1. Semiparasit, tumbuhan mempunyai klorofil, contohnya adalah benalu

2. Europarasit, tumbuhan tidak punya klorofi, contohnya tali putri

3. Hiperparasit, tumbuhhan parasit yang menumpang parasit lain, contohnya viscum yang menumpang pada benalu.

Makhluk Hidup Yang Tinggal di Lingkungan Beracun

Salah satu makhluk yang bisa hidup di lingkungan beracun adalah cacing raksasa yang panjangnya 4 kaki ( 1.22 m). Cacing ini hidup di saluran hidrotermal yang ada di dasar laut. Saluran ini merupakan celah atau retakan di dasar laut yang mengeluarkan air panas(4000 c) yang mengandung asam. Saluran hidrotermal merupakan oase yang di dalamnya terdapat sejumlah makhluk hidup yang tidak akan ditemukan di daerah bawah laut yang lain. Lebih dari 300 spesies baru ditemukan sejak saluran hidrotermal pertama ditemukan pada tahun 1977.

Salah satu ujung cacing tersebut tertanam pada dasar laut sedang ujung lainnya mempunyai bulu yang bergerak seperti bunga yang tertiup angin. Pertumbuhan cacing raksasa yang mampu mencapai 33 inci ( 84 cm) per tahun ini menjadikannya sebagai binatang laut tak bertulang belakang dengan pertumbuhan tercepat.

Cacing raksasa ini merupakan anggota paling mencolok dari komunitas yang ada di sekitar saluran hidrotermal. Beberapa peneliti berpendapat, tak ada makhluk hidup yang mampu bertahan dengan keadaan lingkungan yang beracun, bersuhu tinggi, bertekanan tinggi serta sangat gelap. Tapi, pada tahun 1977 para peneliti menemukan cacing raksasa dan beberapa makhluk hidup lain di saluran di dekat pulau Gallapagos.

Yang menjadikan mereka tetap hidup adalah senyawa kimia yang berasal dari saluran tersebut. Larutan kimia yang umumnya ada pada saluran adalah hidrogen sulfida, yang baunya seperti telur busuk. Larutan ini terbentuk pada saat air laut mencapai batuan yang mengandung sulfat di bawah dasar laut. Bakteri yang ada menggunakan hidrogen sulfida sebagai sumber energi sebagai pengganti sinar matahari.

Cacing raksasa tersebut tidak mempunyai sistem pencernaan, tidak memiliki mulut atau pun usus. Kehidupannya sangat tergantung pada bakteri-bakteri sebagai makanannya. Dalam tubuh cacing terdapat jaringan yang menyerupai bunga karang yang berisi bakteri. Bulu yang ada pada bagian atas tubuhnya berwarna merah, dan berisi darah yang mengandung hemoglobin. Hemoglobin ini mengikat hidrogen sulfida dan menghantarkannya menuju ke bakteri yang ada di dalam cacing. Bakteri mengoksidasi hidrogen sulfida dan mengubah karbon dioksida menjadi senyawa karbon yang merupakan sumber makanan cacing.

Selain cacing raksasa yang sampai saat ini hanya ditemukan di lautan Pasifik, terdapat pula cacing Jericho yang besarnya hampir sama dengan pensil, serta beberapa cacing berukuran lebih kecil yang hidup di dinding timbunan mineral yang ada di sekitar saluran. Juga terdapat remis, udang, kijing, dan kepiting pada beberapa saluran, namun spesiesnya berbeda dengan yang biasa dimakan manusia. Sampai saat ini para ahli masih melakukan penelitian bagaimana makhluk hidup tersebut mampu hidup dalam air laut yang mengandung racun yang bisa membunuh jenis kerang pada umumnya.

Penyelidikan daur hidup makhluk tersebut tidaklah mudah, karena para peneliti hanya bisa melakukan penelitian dengan cara memberikan cahaya pada makhluk tersebut yang biasanya hidup dalam kegelapan. Sejumlah spesies akan mati apabila dipindahkan dari lingkungannya.

Sembarang makhluk tidak mungkin dapat hidup di perairan yang mengandung racun, akan tetapi bagi makhluk yang memang terdapat di sekitar saluran termal tersebut, zat beracun itu justru menjadi sumber kehidupan mereka. Ini dikarenakan makhluk hidup tersebut memang telah diciptakan bersamaan dengan segala kelengkapan tubuh dan metabolisme yang mampu memanfaatkan 'zat beracun' tersebut untuk kelangsungan hidupnya.

Besaran dan Satuan

Dalam kehidupan sehari-hari kita tidak lepas dari mengukur sesuatu. Seorang pedagang kain misalnya selalu bertanya berapa meter panjang kain yang akan dibeli. Panjang kain biasa disebut dengan BESARAN dalam pelajaran Fisika dan meter adalah SATUAN dari besaran panjang.

Jadi bisa dikatakan bahwa BESARAN adalah sesuatu yang dapat diukur dan memiliki satuan. sedangkan SATUAN adalah sesuatu yang digunakan untuk menyimpan suatu besaran.

BESARAN dalam fisika dibagi menjadi dua jenis, BESARAN POKOK dan BESARAN TURUNAN.Besaran Pokok adalah besaran yang hanya bisa diketahui dengan pengukuran. Besaran Turunan adalah besaran yang nilainya bisa diketahui dengan perhitungan dari besaran besaran pokok. Sebagai contohnya adalah panjang, panjang hanya bisa diketahui dengan pengukuran, sedangkan luas(BESARAN TURUNAN) bisa diketahui dari perkalian panjang dengan luas.